{"id":6257,"date":"2013-08-26T15:40:46","date_gmt":"2013-08-26T15:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/?p=6257"},"modified":"2014-12-02T08:26:58","modified_gmt":"2014-12-02T08:26:58","slug":"biology-review-inheritance-of-human-traits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/biology-review-inheritance-of-human-traits\/","title":{"rendered":"Biology Review: Inheritance of Human Traits"},"content":{"rendered":"

Overview of Human Heredity<\/strong>
\nGenetic traits in human beings come about through a variety of pathways.\u00a0 Some are caused by a single gene, while others come from multiple genes working together.\u00a0 Some conditions are sex-linked and recessive, so that more males than females express the gene in their phenotype.\u00a0 Chromosome abnormalities also influence some traits.\u00a0 Learning more about the way that traits are inherited and what genes cause them to be expressed will help cure genetic disorders.<\/p>\n

Single Genes<\/strong>
\nSingle genes influence many dominant-recessive combinations such as cleft chins, dimples, free earlobes, and freckles.\u00a0 Extra fingers or toes, such as a six-fingered hand, are also determined by a single gene.\u00a0 \u00a0Some serious medical conditions are inherited in that pattern.\u00a0 The neurological disease Huntington disease, which was the cause of folksinger Woody Guthrie’s death, has symptoms of progressive loss of muscle control and deterioration, is the result of one dominant gene.\u00a0 PKU and sickle-cell anemia are the result of recessive genes.<\/p>\n

Polygenic Traits<\/strong>
\nMany human traits are the result of a group of genes working together.\u00a0 Human blood type is the result of three different alleles, as well as a number of inherited factors.\u00a0 Skin color, eye color, and height are all controlled by genes that are neither dominant or recessive, but additive.\u00a0 Many autoimmune diseases, such as allergies and some forms of asthma, are probably polygenic.<\/p>\n

Sex-Linked Traits<\/strong>
\nMany sex-linked traits are known, such as colorblindness and hemophilia.\u00a0 The genes for these disorders are carried on the X chromosome, so that when a male infant inherits the recessive form of the gene, he will not have another X chromosome to counteract it.\u00a0 The most famous family in that regard was Queen Victoria, who passed on the gene to royal families in Germany, Spain, and Russia.\u00a0 The hemophilia of Prince Alexis Romanov had international consequences.<\/p>\n

Chromosomal Abnormalities<\/strong>
\nSome serious genetic conditions result from abnormalities of an entire chromosome rather than a single gene or group of genes.\u00a0 \u00a0When a chromosome does not divide properly during meiosis, half the gametes are a chromosome short and the other half have an additional chromosome. Down syndrome, which can include degrees of mental retardation, is an example of a chromosomal abnormality.<\/p>\n

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Overview of Human Heredity Genetic traits in human beings come about through a variety of pathways.\u00a0 Some are caused by a single gene, while others come from multiple genes working together.\u00a0 Some conditions are sex-linked and recessive, so that more males than females express the gene in their phenotype.\u00a0 Chromosome abnormalities also influence some traits.\u00a0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[280,892,1355,1617,1654],"class_list":["post-6257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","tag-chromosomal-abnormalities","tag-human-traits","tag-polygenic","tag-sex-linked","tag-single-gene"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6257","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6257"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6257\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}