{"id":5787,"date":"2013-05-01T15:09:50","date_gmt":"2013-05-01T15:09:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/?p=5787"},"modified":"2014-12-02T08:27:03","modified_gmt":"2014-12-02T08:27:03","slug":"physics-in-action-the-sounds-of-the-big-bang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/2013\/05\/01\/physics-in-action-the-sounds-of-the-big-bang\/","title":{"rendered":"Physics in Action: The Sounds of The Big Bang"},"content":{"rendered":"

Overview: \u00a0The Beginnings of The Universe<\/strong>
\nThe astrophysical theory of how the universe began has been nicknamed “The Big Bang.”\u00a0 All matter was compressed into a incredibly dense, superheated mass singularity that exploded.\u00a0 The resulting energy caused the rapid expansion of the universe, formation into subatomic particles, elements, stars, galaxies, and everything else.\u00a0 General relativity and quantum theory support “The Big Bang”.\u00a0 The most recent observations of cosmic background radiation, as well as the Doppler effect of visual light from faraway galaxies, are observational evidence to cosmologists of the universe’s expansion.<\/p>\n

Fundamental Physical Forces<\/strong>
\nAlthough there may be a point in the universe’s beginnings that we will never be able to observe, known as the past horizon, we can observe fundamental physical forces on the large scale.\u00a0 Those elementary forces include gravitation, electromagnetism, strong nuclear forces, and weak nuclear forces.\u00a0 Gravitation is the most familiar force and the one that works on the largest scale.\u00a0 It is also the one that is easiest to observe.\u00a0 Electromagnetism is the basis for interactions between charged particles, whether they are forces of attraction or forces of repulsion.\u00a0 Strong nuclear forces are those responsible for holding atomic nuclei together, so that the protons found in the nuclei of elements can hold together.\u00a0 Weak nuclear forces are usually combined with electromagnetic interaction, and they operate of the subatomic level.<\/p>\n

Cosmic Background Radiation<\/strong>
\nOne of the strongest pieces of evidence for the beginnings of the universe is cosmic microwave background radiation.\u00a0 This is a very faint background glow that does not come from other stars, galaxies, or anything else.\u00a0 It is in all directions of the night sky and is strongest in the same area of the electromagnetic spectrum as microwave energy. The faint radiation, which is below visible light, shows ripples and variations that can only be explained by a time that the universe was expanding in all directions.<\/p>\n

Energy Shifts<\/strong>
\nMost recently, scientists have developed tools to measure the small energy shifts that show up as ripples and variations in cosmic background radiation.\u00a0 These small energy shifts are behind the expansion of the universe.\u00a0 Techniques are currently being developed to measure the shape of space-time from those energy shifts.\u00a0 It is similar to measuring the shape of a vase from the sounds made when it is tapped in different places on the base.\u00a0 Because cosmic background radiation can be measured from space precisely, measurements of cosmic background radiation exist in all directions.<\/p>\n

The Sounds of Space-Time<\/strong><\/p>\n

Most recently, satellites have measured those fluctuations and energy shifts from space.\u00a0 Physicists have used a mathematical program to translate those tiny shifts into sound.\u00a0 At the time of the Big Bang, according to theory, those tiny shifts were actual sound waves from when the universe was much smaller and younger, less than a hundred thousand years after the expansion that started it all.<\/p>\n

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Overview: \u00a0The Beginnings of The Universe The astrophysical theory of how the universe began has been nicknamed “The Big Bang.”\u00a0 All matter was compressed into a incredibly dense, superheated mass singularity that exploded.\u00a0 The resulting energy caused the rapid expansion of the universe, formation into subatomic particles, elements, stars, galaxies, and everything else.\u00a0 General relativity […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,16],"tags":[190,419,420,710],"class_list":["post-5787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-physics","category-science","tag-big-bang","tag-cosmic-background-radiation","tag-cosmology","tag-fundamental-physical-forces"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5787","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5787"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5787\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}