{"id":5912,"date":"2013-05-16T06:22:33","date_gmt":"2013-05-16T06:22:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/?p=5912"},"modified":"2014-12-02T08:27:01","modified_gmt":"2014-12-02T08:27:01","slug":"organic-compounds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/2013\/05\/16\/organic-compounds\/","title":{"rendered":"Organic Compounds"},"content":{"rendered":"

Overview:\u00a0What Are Organic Compounds?<\/strong>
\nAll organic compounds contain carbon.\u00a0 This is because of the atomic structure of carbon such that it can bind with up to four other elements at once.\u00a0 For example, in the compound methane, four hydrogen atoms form a ring around one carbon atom.\u00a0 In addition, most organic molecules consist of repeating sequences, called monomers.\u00a0 When those monomers combine to form a new type of molecule, water is released in\u00a0 a condensation reaction.\u00a0 The combination of molecules is called a polymer.\u00a0 The four major groups of organic molecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, familiar to many from studies of nutrition.<\/p>\n

Carbohydrates<\/strong>
\nCarbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the same ratio as in water, so that scientists first thought that carbon simply bonded with water.\u00a0 In other words, carbon was hydrated, later shortened to carbohydrate.\u00a0 Sugars and starches are common forms of carbohydrates, used for energy by living organisms.\u00a0 Atoms are arranged so that the carbon atoms are arranged in a long chain and the hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen pairs are joined to carbon on either side of the chain.\u00a0 The simplest sugars are found in fruits and honey.\u00a0 When simple sugar monomers (called monosaccharides) are joined by the thousands in long chains, they produce starches.<\/p>\n

Lipids<\/strong>
\nLipids also contain \u00a0carbon, hydrogen ,and \u00a0oxygen, but the molecules are more complex.\u00a0 They make up fats, oils, and waxes, and do not dissolve in water.\u00a0 Three carbon molecules joined in a ring form a backbone for the chain.\u00a0 Fatty acids are joined to the glycerol chain, in complex molecules.\u00a0 They are used by living organisms to store energy and also form cell membranes.<\/p>\n

Proteins<\/strong>
\nAll proteins are made up of amino acids.\u00a0 They contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, as well as other elements.\u00a0 Amino acids have a distinct chemical structure, and combine in specific ways to form the different types of proteins.\u00a0 Long chains of proteins bond in specific patterns depending on their purpose.\u00a0 For example, the proteins that make up egg white are different from the proteins that make up hemoglobin.\u00a0 Some proteins are enzymes that speed up chemical reactions, producing even more energy to sustain life.<\/p>\n

Nucleic Acids<\/strong>
\nNucleic acids are special organic molecules that contain and carry out cellular function.\u00a0 There are two forms that are produced:\u00a0 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), and RNA (ribonucleic acid).\u00a0 While DNA contains the instructions for cellular function and passes those instructions along during cellular reproduction, RNA carries them out.\u00a0 Both DNA and RNA are essential to genes.<\/p>\n

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Overview:\u00a0What Are Organic Compounds? All organic compounds contain carbon.\u00a0 This is because of the atomic structure of carbon such that it can bind with up to four other elements at once.\u00a0 For example, in the compound methane, four hydrogen atoms form a ring around one carbon atom.\u00a0 In addition, most organic molecules consist of repeating […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,5,16],"tags":[230,1049,1212,1261,1437],"class_list":["post-5912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","category-chemistry","category-science","tag-carbohydrates","tag-lipids","tag-nucleic-acids","tag-organic-compounds","tag-proteins"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5912","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5912"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5912\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5912"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5912"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5912"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}