The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that both allele and genotype frequencies are in equilibrium in a constant population from generation to generation. This is only true under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, which are:<\/p>\n
1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No mutations<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Alleles in the population should not change<\/p>\n
2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No natural selection<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A particular individual must not be favoured because of natural selection<\/p>\n
3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Infinitely large population<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Small populations increase the chance of random sampling errors<\/p>\n
4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Random mating<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 There should be no preference in mates<\/p>\n
5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No migration in or out of population<\/p>\n
–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Alleles should not move in\/out of the population, there should be no gene flow<\/p>\n
These 5 assumptions are important in keeping the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is also represented by the equation:<\/p>\n
p2<\/sup> + 2pq + q2<\/sup> = 1<\/p>\n Where:<\/p>\n p = frequency of the dominant allele (A)<\/p>\n q = frequency of the recessive allele (a)<\/p>\n p + q = 1<\/p>\n Thus, the frequency of AA is denoted by \u201cp\u00ad2<\/sup>\u201d, the frequency of Aa is denoted by \u201c2pq\u201d, and the frequency of aa is denoted by \u201cq2<\/sup>\u201d.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Sample Question:<\/strong><\/p>\n If 36% of a population is AA, what percentage of the population is Aa?<\/p>\n Solution:<\/strong><\/p>\n Frequency of AA is 36% = 0.36 = p2<\/sup><\/p>\n \u221a0.36 = 0.6<\/p>\n Thus, p = 0.6<\/p>\n p + q = 1<\/p>\n 0.6 + q = 1<\/p>\n Thus, q = 0.4<\/p>\n Frequency of Aa = 2pq = 2(0.6)(0.40) = 0.48 = 48%<\/p>\n Therefore, 48% of the population is Aa.<\/p>\n This article was written for you by Samantha<\/strong>, one of the tutors with Test Prep Academy.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that both allele and genotype frequencies are in equilibrium in a constant population from generation to generation. This is only true under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, which are: 1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No mutations –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Alleles in the population should not change 2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No natural selection –\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A particular individual must not be favoured because of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1451,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2841,16],"tags":[3162,3374,3415,3436],"class_list":["post-7833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-act","category-science","tag-how-to-solve-hardy-weinberg-questions","tag-what-are-the-hardy-weinberg-assumptions","tag-what-is-hardy-weinberg","tag-what-is-the-hardy-weinberg-equation"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7833"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7833\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1451"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7833"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schooltutoring.com\/scholarship\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}