An object is said to be in motion if it changes its position with time. A body which does not move is said to be at rest, motionless , or stationary. Sir Isaac Newton, one of the great scientists and mathematicians, gave three laws of motions popularly known as Newton’s three laws of motion.
First Law of Motion
“An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. “
This law is also called as Law of Inertia. This means an object keeps on doing what it is doing and resists the change in motion in the absence of external force. A ball keeps rolling in the same direction unless it is acted upon by an external force. The force of friction between the surface and the ball reduces its speed and hence it stops after some time.
Second Law of Motion:
“The acceleration (a) produced in a body is directly proportional to the applied force (F) and inversely proportional to the mass (m) of the body.” i.e. F = ma
This means the heavier object needs more force to produce same acceleration than a lighter object. We need more force to move a book than a sheet of paper.
Third Law of Motion:
“For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.”
This means that for every force there is a reaction force that is equal in size, but opposite in direction. Whenever an object pushes another object it gets pushed back in the opposite direction with equal force. The rocket pushes down on ground while going up and the ground pushes the rocket upwards with an equal force.
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