Democritus, a Greek philosopher, developed the idea of atoms. But his idea was dismissed by other Greek philosophers. In 1800’s, John Dalton, an English chemist performed experiments with various chemicals that showed that matter seems to consist of elementary particles. He did not know about their structure. That particle is known as at atom today.
Atoms are the basic building units of matter around us. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. The air, water, pen, desk are made up of atoms. The term atom is Greek which mean indivisible.
Later, it was discovered that atom is consists of three basic particles, electrons, protons and neutrons.
- Electrons are tiny, light weight negatively charged particles.
- Protons are large and heavy positively charged particle.
- Neutrons are large and heavy particles like protons but they do not have any change.
Each atom is a different combination of these particles. The combination of these particles decides the properties of matter. Electrons revolve around the nucleus. The nucleus is at the center of the atom and consists of protons and neutrons. The pathway of electrons around the nucleus is called orbit.
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