Overview The alkaline earth metals are the next column in the periodic table from the alkaline metals. They include beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and…
read moreOverview The alkali metals are in Group 1 of the periodic table. They include the elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). These…
read moreOverview Chemical equations are shorthand descriptions of the reactions between substances. They include the chemicals that react, the conditions for reaction, the products of the reaction, and the amounts of…
read moreOverview Chemical elements are often found within chemical compounds, in which one or more elements are bonded together. Some elements exist freely in compounds with one another, while others are…
read moreOverview The element hydrogen is the lightest of all elements in the periodic table, with one proton in its nucleus. It is also the most abundant element in the universe. …
read moreOverview The nuclear energy that powers stars depends upon the core temperature and the available fuel. During the main-sequence phase for most stars, nuclear fusion of 4 hydrogen atoms to…
read moreOverview Substances occur in elements or compounds, while mixtures can be any combination of one or more elements or compounds. Mixtures may occur as solutions or heterogeneous combinations. Elements and…
read moreOverview The element gold (Au) has atomic number 79. It is a soft yellow metal, with the properties of metals. It doesn’t react with other elements easily, but forms alloys…
read moreOverview Before there was a science of chemistry, there was alchemy. It was practiced in China, India, Mesopotamia, and Europe. The alchemists from ancient times performed experiments to transform base…
read moreOverview Over the centuries, the number of elements has changed as new elements have been discovered. Some unstable, heavy elements have only been synthesized in atomic laboratories, so very little is known…
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