Overview
One of the ways to help the reader understand the points made or the direction the argument is going is by the use of transitions. Transition words and phrases signal illustration, contrast, continuation, or conclusion.
Illustration
One of the ways to develop an idea is by illustrating examples. They add more information about a thesis, reinforcing it, agreeing with material that has gone before. For example, many people say that summer is their favorite season. First, the weather is pleasant, so that people can get outdoors and enjoy favorite activities. Second, some people have vacations during the summer, so they can travel to other places like the beach. In addition, people can dress more casually and comfortably. Words and phrases such as first, second, for instance, and for example, signal to the reader that the illustrations continue the previous idea.
Contrast
However, another way to develop an idea is by using contrasting examples. Contrast shows that there is another way of looking at an idea by pointing out alternatives, changing direction. On the other hand, other people prefer winter, because they can take part in winter sports like skiing, snowshoeing, or ice skating. In contrast, winter vacations can be less expensive and destinations less crowded. Unlike the heat of summer, the cool of winter brings the beauty of blanketing snow. Words and phrases such as on the other hand, in contrast, unlike, otherwise, and however signal contrast to the reader.
Continuation
Writers can also continue with earlier points made in the essay. Transition words such as especially, furthermore, and moreover allow the reader to stop and consider further points. Some people especially like summer because of the long, sunny days, allowing them more time to spend outdoors. The warm weather allows many crops, such as corn, peas, strawberries, and raspberries to grow and ripen.
Conclusion
During the conclusion, the writer summarizes and restates the points made in the essay. Transition words and phrases such as in conclusion, finally, as a result, and after all signal the reader that the argument is coming to a close. In conclusion, people prefer a particular season of the year because that season contains their preferred weather and activities.
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